Hijo de un adinerado propietario de un molino, Constable convenció a su familia para que lo dejara dedicarse a la pintura e ingresó en la Royal Academy Schools en 1799. Sus primeros envíos a la Academia tuvieron poco éxito — no recibió ningún voto en una elección de 1814 — porque el paisaje ocupaba un lugar muy inferior a la pintura de historia en la estima académica. Volvía una y otra vez al mismo tramo del valle del río Stour cerca de East Bergholt, pintando al aire libre bocetos al óleo a tamaño real para captar el clima y la luz antes de terminar lienzos más grandes en el taller.
No fue elegido académico de pleno derecho hasta 1829, ya con cincuenta años, y vendió pocos cuadros en Gran Bretaña en vida — su reputación despegó primero en Francia, donde su obra influyó en Delacroix y después en los pintores de Barbizon. Murió en Londres en 1837.
Cuadros de Constable expuestos, museo por museo
El Art Institute of Chicago
- Stoke-by-Nayland — Gallery 220 (1836)
El Ashmolean Museum, Oxford
- Study of Clouds — Gallery 51 (1822)
- Summer Sunset (1840 - 1850)
- The Vale of Dedham from Langham — Gallery 51 (1812)
- View across the Thames at Twickenham (1840 - 1850)
- Water Meadows near Salisbury — Gallery 51 (1829)
- West Lodge, East Bergholt — Gallery 51 (1811 - 1815)
- Willy Lott's House from the Stour (The Valley Farm) — Gallery 63 (1816 - 1818)
El Cleveland Museum of Art
- Branch Hill Pond, Hampstead — 203A British Painting and Decorative Arts (1828)
- Hampstead Heath, Looking Toward Harrow — 203B British Painting and Decorative Arts (c. 1821)
Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge
- Hampstead Heath — Gallery 5 (1820)
El Louvre
- La baie de Weymouth à l'approche de l'orage — Salle 713 (1e quart du XIXe siècle (1818 - 1819))
- Vallon à Helmingham [Helmingham Dell] — Salle 713 (1e quart du XIXe siècle (peint à l'été 1823 (selon Beckett)) (1823))
- Vue de Hampstead Heath, effet d’orage ou L’Étang de Branch Hill à Hampstead (1e quart du XIXe siècle (vers 1822))
- Vue de Salisbury — Salle 713 (1e quart du XIXe siècle (1820))
El Metropolitan Museum of Art, Nueva York
- Hampstead Heath with Bathers — 808 (ca. 1821–22)
- Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop's Grounds — 808 (ca. 1825)
- Stoke-by-Nayland — 808 (ca. 1810–11)
National Galleries of Scotland, Edimburgo
- Laura Moubray (born 1788) — National (On Display) (1808)
- On the Stour (Reverse: Study of Cows) — National (On Display) (About 1830)
La National Gallery, Londres
- Cenotaph to the Memory of Sir Joshua Reynolds — Room 40 (1833-6)
- Stratford Mill — Room 40 (1820)
- The Cornfield — Room 40 (1826)
La National Gallery of Art, Washington
- Salisbury Cathedral from Lower Marsh Close — M-057 (1820)
- The White Horse — M-057 (1818-1819)
- Wivenhoe Park, Essex — M-057 (1816)
La Tate Britain, Londres
- A Boat Passing a Lock — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1826 exhibited 1829)
- A Cottage at East Bergholt — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (c.1836)
- A Windmill near Brighton — Constable ‘Six Footers’ (Room 38) (1824)
- A sketch of East Bergholt from East Bergholt House — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1811)
- Boat Building near Flatford Mill — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1815)
- Bow Fell, Cumberland — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1807)
- Branch Hill Pond, Hampstead Heath, with a Boy Sitting on a Bank — Constable ‘Six Footers’ (Room 38) (c.1825)
- Chain Pier, Brighton — Constable ‘Six Footers’ (Room 38) (1826–7)
- Cloud Study — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1821–2)
- Cloud Study, Hampstead, Tree at Right — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (11 September 1821)
- Dedham Lock and Mill — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (exhibited 1818)
- Dedham Vale — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1810)
- Dedham Vale — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (exhibited 1828)
- Dedham Vale from the Coombs — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1802)
- Edge of a Heath by Moonlight — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1810)
- Flailing Turnip Heads, East Bergholt — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1812–15)
- Flatford Mill (‘Scene on a Navigable River’) — Constable ‘Six Footers’ (Room 38) (1816–7)
- Flatford Mill from the Lock — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1810)
- Flatford Mill from the Lock — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (exhibited 1812)
- Hadleigh Castle, The Mouth of the Thames – Morning after a Stormy Night — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (exhibited 1829)
- On the River Stour — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (c.1834–7)
- Path Towards Stratford St Mary — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1816)
- Rainstorm over the Sea — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (c.1824–8)
- Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop’s Grounds — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (exhibited 1823)
- Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows — Constable ‘Six Footers’ (Room 38) (?1829)
- Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows — Constable ‘Six Footers’ (Room 38) (exhibited 1831)
- Scene of Flatford Mill — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1814)
- Seascape Study: Boat and Stormy Sky — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (23 July 1828)
- Sir Richard Steele’s Cottage, Hampstead — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (exhibited 1832)
- Somerset House — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (c.1819)
- Stoke-by-Nayland — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (c.1835–7)
- Stour Valley and Dedham Church — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (c.1815)
- Stratford Mill — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (exhibited 1820)
- Study of Clouds over a Landscape — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1821–2)
- The Glebe Farm — Constable ‘Six Footers’ (Room 38) (c.1830)
- The Leaping Horse — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (exhibited 1825)
- The Mill Stream — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (c.1810–14)
- The Opening of Waterloo Bridge, seen from Whitehall Stairs, London, 18 June 1817 — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (c.1819–20)
- The Stour — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1810)
- The Valley of the Stour at Sunset — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1812)
- The Wheatfield — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (exhibited 1816)
- The White Horse — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (exhibited 1819)
- View of Dedham from the Lane Leading from East Bergholt Church to Flatford — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (c.1809–10)
- View on the Stour near Dedham — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (exhibited 1822)
- View toward the Rectory, East Bergholt — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1810)
- Watermeadows at Salisbury — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1820)
- Willy Lott’s House — Turner & Constable Rivals & Originals (1816)
Salas y estado de exposición verificados en la base de colecciones de cada museo.
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